The Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance of Common Microorganisms of Urinary Tract: A Study on Children with Acute Pyelonephritis

Document Type : Origenal Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

2 Resident of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Background: Pyelonephritis is one of the most common pediatric diseases. Early treatment with appropriate antibiotics plays an important role in improving the disease and preventing its progression and long-term complications. Experimental treatment of pyelonephritis requires identification of the most common involved microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Due to the increase of antibiotic resistance and changes of resistance pattern in different places and over time, this study was performed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance against common microorganisms of urinary tract in children with acute pyelonephritis hospitalized in Afzalipour Hospital of Kerman/ Iran during 2014 to 2015.
Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 181 children with acute pyelonephritis who were hospitalized in Afzalipour Hospital of Kerman during 2014 to 2015. Urine samples were collected from children with urinary incontinence using urine catheter and from children without urinary incontinence through mid stream clean-catch method. Then, the antibiogram test was performed on positive cultures using disk diffusion method to determine the antibiotic resistance.
Results: Escherichia coli was the most prevalent microorganism (72.6%). This microorganism showed the highest resistance to Co-trimoxazole (46.6%) and Cephalexin (46.6%) and lowest resistance to oral Nitrofurantoin (2.2%) and IV Ceftriaxone (3.4%) and Amikacin (3.7%).
Conclusion: It is suggested that in outpatient treatment of patients with pyelonephritis in Kerman region, avoid using oral Cotrimoxazole and Cephalexin due to their high resistance. Since there is high tendency to use IV Ceftriaxone and Amikasin, it is recommended to change these antibiotics periodically in order to prevent antibiotic resistance.

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References

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Afzalipour Journal of Clinical Research
Volume 1, Issue 1
October 2017
Pages 1-8

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