بررسی اپیدمیولوژی و شناسایی مولکولی لیشمانیوز جلدی در شهرستان مرودشت استان فارس

Background: Leishmaniasis is one of the zoonosis diseases between humans and livestock that is caused by different species of protozoan of Leishmania genus and, due to its species and host immune response, produces various clinical forms. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Marvdasht city.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 333 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis referring to the health network of Marvdasht city. After the smear was prepared from the patient's lesion and Gimsa staining, the parasite amastigotes were observed using a light microscope. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using specific primers LIN4 and LIN17 to amplify the KDNA gene.
Results: Leishmania parasites were confirmed by microscopic and molecular methods in 133 samples. The PCR results showed that the causative agent in all 133 samples was leishmania major. By analyzing Patients' demographic data and spatial distribution revealed that the occurrence of the disease in men (50/4%), summer (60/3%), September (29/3%), age group 27/26-44/50 (27/1%), housewives (24.8%) and rural (53/4%) were more than other groups. The hands (38/3%) were the most affected. Most patients (50%) had a lesion in their limbs.
Conclusion: The cutaneous leishmaniasis samples obtained in Marvdasht city are mainly rural leishmaniasis, that in this type, the reservoir of disease is wild rodents, especially rats. Therefore, in order to control and prevent this disease, the fight against rodents as one of the most important control strategies should be given priority